Regardless of age, various types of changes can appear anywhere on the skin.
Often they are only an aesthetic problem for the patient, sometimes as a result of irritation they cause local inflammation or wounds. They can also take the form of dangerous neoplastic changes.
Skin lesions originate from different layers and appendages of the skin and can be of various origin (neuro-, blood- and lymphogenous), which means that they clearly differ in size, shape and appearance.
Skin warts
The most common changes - skin warts - include viral and seborrheic warts.
Viral warts caused by HPV infection are popularly called warts.
They can take the form of ordinary, flat, transitional and genital warts (condyloma), differing not only in location and appearance, but also in the type of virus that causes them. Seborrheic keratoses are benign skin tumors, without a tendency to cancerous transformation.
They often occur as multiple lesions and appear with the patient's age. Enlarging and prominent forms are exposed to mechanical damage, causing inflammation and the formation of small wounds.
Hard fibromas
Hard fibromas (histiocytomas) are less common skin lesions. They usually appear in places of minor skin injuries (cuts, stings) or after inflammation of the hair follicle. Soft fibromas are benign neoplasms of a congenital nature, although the frequency of their appearance increases with age. Hemangiomas, in turn, are changes associated with the growth of cells in the walls of blood vessels of the skin in the form of rubies - small red spots on the skin. Corns, corns and skin calluses are changes occurring mainly on the skin of the feet, resulting from chronic irritation.
Dye changes
Another type of changes are pigmented moles made of skin pigment cells, which can be divided into normal and atypical (dysplastic). Ordinary moles, usually present from birth, do not show a tendency to develop melanoma, unlike acquired and atypical moles. These require sun protection and constant medical observation every 6-12 months.
The most malignant form of skin cancer is melanoma derived from melanocytes, characterized by rapid growth, metastasis and low susceptibility to treatment.
Atheroma
Epidermal cyst (sebaceous or congestive) of hair follicles and glands. Skin cysts are formed when the squamous cells of the skin do not exfoliate, but penetrate the skin and change their structure. This is most common in areas of the skin where there are smaller hair follicles and larger sebaceous glands, such as the face, neck, upper back, and groin. The epidermal cells form the wall of the atheroma, and then secrete keratin proteins inside, which form a thick, yellow substance.
Lipoma
A lipoma is a cluster of fat cells surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule, usually located just under the skin. In other words, a lipoma is a benign tumor made of adipose tissue. It is absolutely harmless, because it does not contain malignant cancer cells . Usually, we are dealing with lipomas under the skin, although they can also occur in internal organs, for example in the digestive tract. They are usually oval or oblong in shape and can be of various sizes - from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Lipomas appear as often in men as in women. If a lipoma forms under the skin, it is relatively easy to recognize. It is a painless, soft thickening that can be slightly moved. It usually occurs singly, but there are also clusters of lipomas.
Due to the risk...
It should be assumed that each skin lesion (nevus) with which "something is happening" - itching appears, color, shape, environment changes - requires urgent dermatological control.
Skin lesions rarely tend to spontaneously disappear, and due to the risk of cancer development, they should be periodically inspected and dermatologically qualified (also by dermatoscopic examination), assessing the risk status and further management. In the case of indications for their removal, this can be done in several ways: surgically cutting or curettage, destroying them with high (coagulation, laser, radio waves) or low temperature (cryotherapy) or using locally acting chemicals.
Strengths of excision of skin/subcutaneous lesions
Recommendations after deleting changes
After the procedure, it is necessary to: protect the treated skin area against pressure and moisturization, strictly follow the doctor's instructions after the procedure (wound disinfection, dressings, painkillers).
The surface should not be soaked, and the scar should not be exposed to the sun for 6 months.